Chemical composition effect on latent print development using black fingerprint powders

Fingerprint development has been used to visualize latent prints since the 19th century, and several companies produce a variety of commercially available black fingerprint powders. While method develop fingerprints refined over years, composition powders that are in print not studied extensively. Six different were using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive (EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS) zeta potential, attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR), Raman spectroscopy, powder diffraction (PXRD), solution-phase nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) addition quality study involving certified examiners. When comparing all chemical, physical, morphological results for powder, this determined ranked best by examiners mainly contain carbon oxygen particle sizes around 50 nm spherical morphology. Powders large sizes, irregular shape, elemental compositions consisting many elements poorly performed.